气力输送是一个复杂的多相流动过程，固粒在输送管内的运动，涉及到气流速度的分布以及固粒与管壁摩擦等各种条件。

Pneumatic conveying is a complex multiphase flow process. The movement of solid particles in the conveying pipe involves various conditions such as the distribution of air velocity and the friction between solid particles and pipe wall.

输送管道内固粒的运动状态既有滚动又有悬浮，同时还发生固粒与固粒、固粒与壁面的碰撞，固粒的旋转还产生举力，完全考虑这些问题是相当复杂的。长期以来人们已在该领域进行了大量的研究，但仍有许多问题没有得到很好解决，例如散状物料在管道中被气流带走的过程中固粒相互之间以及固粒同管壁发生碰撞，碰撞的结果使得固粒破碎以及造成管道磨损，这种情况在高速时显得愈加明显。

The motion state of solid particles in the conveying pipeline is both rolling and suspension. At the same time, solid particles collide with solid particles, solid particles collide with the wall, and the rotation of solid particles also produces lifting force. It is quite complex to fully consider these problems. For a long time, people have done a lot of research in this field, but there are still many problems that have not been well solved. For example, in the process of bulk materials being taken away by the air flow in the pipeline, the solid particles collide with each other and with the pipe wall. The result of the collision makes the solid particles break and cause pipe wear. This situation is more and more obvious at high speed.

为了减轻这些现象，可以降低输送气流的速度，但随之而来的是容易引起流动的不稳定性，其至堵塞。另外，系统的输送效率也是一个重要问题，被送物料的尺寸，硬度，乎聪龙损坏的能力以及粘性特胜和输送系统的自身刻牛等因素相互制约，共同决定了气力输送的效率，从综合的角度来考虑输送效果就变得非常复杂，系统内气固两相流动的状况直接影响到系统稳定、高能的运行，因此，要对气力输送系统的设计进行优化，就必须掌握系统运行时气固两相流动的特性及规律，必须对固粒在管道内的流动问题进行深入的研究。

In order to reduce these phenomena, the speed of conveying air flow can be reduced, but it is easy to cause flow instability and blockage. In addition, the conveying efficiency of the system is also an important issue. The size and hardness of the delivered materials, the damage ability of Hu Conglong, the viscosity of tesheng and the self carving of the conveying system restrict each other, which jointly determine the efficiency of pneumatic conveying. Considering the conveying effect from a comprehensive point of view, it becomes very complex, The state of gas-solid two-phase flow in the system directly affects the stable and high-energy operation of the system. Therefore, in order to optimize the design of pneumatic conveying system, we must master the characteristics and laws of gas-solid two-phase flow during system operation, and conduct in-depth research on the flow of solid particles in the pipeline.

在气力输送的研究中，气力输送设备管道的堵塞是一个既重要又复杂的问题。如果气力输送系统设计不合理或者系统偏离正常运行工况，在输送过程中，就有可能发生堵塞现象。突发的堵塞，将影响比常生产；严重时，将导致系统停止运行，影响正常生产及设备安全，造成经济损失。

In the research of pneumatic conveying, the blockage of pneumatic conveying equipment pipeline is an important and complex problem. If the design of pneumatic conveying system is unreasonable or the system deviates from the normal operating conditions, blockage may occur in the conveying process. Sudden blockage will affect the normal production; In serious cases, the system will stop running, affect normal production and equipment safety, and cause economic losses.

为了更好地解决堵塞问题，在生产过程中，要作到主动拧制和预防堵塞发生，就必须了解气力输送系统中，不同工况（空气流量、载荷比等）别牛卜，粒体流动的状态，即气固两相流的流动状况，得出运行工况与固粒流动的关系，从而找出堵塞的成因及机理，提出控制措施，达到有针对胜地主动控制的目的，以此提高系统运行的可靠性，节约能量。

In order to better solve the problem of blockage, in order to actively screw and prevent blockage in the production process, it is necessary to understand the different conditions (air flow, load ratio, etc.) in the pneumatic conveying system, the state of particle flow, that is, the flow state of gas-solid two-phase flow, and obtain the relationship between operating conditions and solid particle flow, so as to find out the cause and mechanism of blockage, Put forward control measures to achieve the purpose of targeted active control, so as to improve the reliability of system operation and save energy.

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