气力输送设备一般由受料器(如喉管、吸嘴、发送器等)、输送管、风管、分离器(常用的有容积式和旋风式两种)、锁气器(常用的有翻板式和回转式两种，既可作为喂料器，又可作为卸料器)、除尘器和风机(如离心式风机、罗茨鼓风机、水环真空泵、空压机等)等设备和部件组成。受料器的作用是进人物料，造成合适的料气比，使物料启动、加速。分离器的作用是将物料与空气分离，并对物料进行分选。锁气器的作用是均匀供料或卸料，同时阻止空气漏人。

Pneumatic conveying equipment is generally composed of feeder (such as throat, suction nozzle, transmitter, etc.), conveying pipe, air pipe, separator (commonly used are volumetric and cyclone), air lock (commonly used are flap and rotary, which can be used as both feeder and discharger), dust collector and fan (such as centrifugal fan, roots blower, water ring vacuum pump, air compressor, etc.). The function of the material receiver is to feed materials to create an appropriate material gas ratio and start and accelerate the materials. The function of separator is to separate materials from air and sort materials. The function of air lock is to evenly supply or discharge materials and prevent air leakage at the same time.

风机的作用是为系统提供动力。真空吸送系统常用高压离心风机或水环真空泵；而压送系统则需用罗茨鼓风机或空压机。

The function of the fan is to provide power for the system. High pressure centrifugal fan or water ring vacuum pump are commonly used in vacuum suction and delivery system; The pressure delivery system needs roots blower or air compressor.

气力输送设备具有防尘效果好；便于实现机械化、自动化，可减轻劳动强度，节省人力；

Pneumatic conveying equipment has good dust-proof effect; It is convenient to realize mechanization and automation, reduce labor intensity and save manpower;

在输送过程中，可以同时进行多种工艺操作，如混合、粉碎、分选、干燥、冷却；防止物料受潮、污染或混入杂物等优点，因而在铸造、冶金、化工、建材、粮食加工等部门都得到应用。它的主要缺点是动力消耗较大；

In the conveying process, a variety of process operations can be carried out at the same time, such as mixing, crushing, sorting, drying and cooling; It has the advantages of preventing materials from moisture, pollution or mixing with sundries, so it has been applied in casting, metallurgy, chemical industry, building materials, grain processing and other departments. Its main disadvantage is large power consumption;

设备(主要是分离器人口)和管道(主要是弯头)磨损较快，如果设计、施工或运转不当，则容易造成物料沉积，以致堵塞，使输送中断；不宜输送湿度大、黏性大或易破碎的物料等。

The equipment (mainly separator population) and pipeline (mainly elbow) wear quickly. If the design, construction or operation are improper, it is easy to cause material deposition, blockage and interruption of transportation; It is not suitable to transport materials with high humidity, high viscosity or easy to break.

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